Historic Buildings

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 City of Grace and Grandeur

Of all New Zealand cities, Dunedin can boast the largest concentration of Victorian and Edwardian buildings. This is mainly due to its rapid growth before and just after the turn of the century and its slower growth rate since.

 Settled largely by the Scottish immigrants under the Lay Association of the Free Church of Scotland in 1848, Dunedin was slow to prosper initially. It was not until the discovery of gold in Central Otago in the 1860s that a city of the size and consequence you see today began to grow. And then at a pace which several decades later, saw it rise to become the country's leading commercial and industrial centre. Trace the roots of New Zealand's biggest manufacturers, importers, commercial and transport firms today and you will find many had their origins in Dunedin.

 Dunedin is also New Zealand's first University City, with educational buildings and traditions that are still the envy of the country. Fortuitously, the mid to late Victorian period of Dunedin's growth and prosperity coincided with an exciting era in the history of architecture, with revivals of Gothic, Italianate, Palladian and Georgian forms to name a few. Readily available building materials such as Leith Valley andesite and Port Chalmers bluestone, combined with "white stone" from North Otago and locally kilned bricks, complemented these forms handsomely, as well as helped reinforce the settlers' aspirations for Dunedin as the "Edinburgh of the South".

 Although much of  Dunedin's early prosperity later headed northwards, much of the city's solidly built heritage remains to gain renewed appreciation more than a hundred years on.


The homes and buildings on this page have been registered by the New Zealand Historic Places Trust as worthy of permanent protection because of their architectural and/or historical significance. As many are privately owned, viewing is from the street only, unless otherwise stated.

[Municipal Chambers]

[St. Paul's Anglican Cathedral]

[First Presbyterian Church]

Municipal Chambers

St. Paul's Anglican Cathedral

First Presbyterian Church

The Octagon

The Octagon

Moray Place

Noted Victorian Architect R. A. Lawson designed this handsome Italianate structure in 1878. Completed in 1880, it was greatly modified over the years, with the removal of it's front steps to first floor level in1939 and the lopping of the 47 metre bell tower to just above clock level in 1963. Its full restoration was completed in 1989.

This imposing Gothic Revival church in Oamaru stone was built between 1915 and 1919, to the design of Edmund Sedding. A chancel designed by E. J. McCoy was added in 1971. St. Paul's is reputed to have the only stone-vaulted nave in New Zealand.The 38 steps in front are Takaka marble.

An essay in the Gothic tradition of church architecture, First Church was designed by R. A. Lawson to grace the top of the Bell Hill. For harbour reclamation and general leveling purposes, however, it was necessary to lower the hill some 12 metres before First Church (by then the third) could be constructed. Taking six years to complete, the church with its magnificent spire rising to 54 metres, opened for worship in 1873.

[Dunedin Railway Station]

[Law Courts]

[Dunedin Prison]

Dunedin Railway Station

Law Courts

Dunedin Prison

Anzac Avenue

Stuart Street

Lower High Street

The first official architect for New Zealand Railways, George A. Troup, won the unofficial title of "Gingerbread George" for this magnificent station built in 1904-07 in the Flemish Renaissance style. Its beauty is more than facade deep - as a look inside will show.

Government architect John Campbell designed this impressive court building about 1899. It has four court rooms, including the lavishly decorated High Court, and also houses the Law Society office and library. The statue of Justice, minus her blindfold, is recessed in the tower over the main entrance.

The influence of Norman Shaw's design for New Scotland Yard in London is evident in this 1895-96 brick building. It was designed by Government architect, John Campbell, as the street frontage and administration block for Dunedin gaol. Between 1915-1994 the building doubled as a police station.

[Former NZR Road Services]

[Queens Gardens Court]

[Bank of New Zealand]

Former NZR Road Services

Queens Gardens Court

Bank of New Zealand

Cumberland Street

Cnr. Rattray and Crawford Streets

Cnr. Princes and Rattray Streets

Art Deco makes its presence felt in largely Victorian Dunedin, with this fine example, built in 1939, to the design of Miller and White. The building is now part of the Otago Settlers Museum.

Sixteen sculptured, bewhiskered faces peer down on passersby from this former New Zealand Insurance Company building. This fine example of Victorian commercial architecture was designed by N. Y. A. Wales and was opened in 1886.

This is the second BNZ building on the site. It was designed in 1879 by W. B. Armson. Although trimmed of some of its Victorian finery both inside and out, the building has retained its magnificent sculptured plaster ceiling in the main banking chamber.

[Southern Cross hotel]

[Former ANZ Bank]

[Crown Milling Company]

Southern Cross hotel

Former ANZ Bank

Crown Milling Company

High Street

Princes Street

Manor Place

Originally the Grand Hotel, this early corner portion of the Southern Cross is a reminder of the opulent years of the late 19th century. Designed by Italian architect Louis Boldini it was completed in 1883. Maidens and bewhiskered gents feature in the corbels supporting the corner section

Corinthian columns support the elegant pediment on this Greek Revival building, which stands beside the Chief Post Office. Designed by R. A. Lawson and built of Oamaru stone, it opened as the Union Bank, a forerunner of the present banking group, in 1874. The building closed as a bank in 1992.

Flour has been milled on premises since 1867. In the 1890s the fourth floor was modified to take a fifth half-floor above. This interesting example of early industrial architecture is floodlit by night.

[Lisburn House]

[St. Joseph's Catholic Cathedral]

[St. Dominics Priory]

Lisburn House

St. Joseph's Catholic Cathedral

St. Dominics Priory

Lisburn Avenue, Caversham

Cnr. Rattray and Smith Streets

Cnr. Smith and Tennyson Streets

This private Dunedin residence is distinctive for its polychrome brick facade and its high gables. It is reputed to have been built in 1865 as a townhouse for the Fulton family, who farmed on the Taieri Plain.

Constructed between 1878 and 1886, as funds permitted, this Gothic Revival church in bluestone was designed by F. W. Petre, who also designed the neighbouring St. Dominic's Priory. L. J. Godfrey, brought to New Zealand by William Larnach to work on his "castle", carved the decorations and church furniture.

When built in 1877, this was the largest unreinforced concrete building in the southern hemisphere. Because of his preference for the material, its architect-engineer F. W. Petre earned the title "Lord Concrete". The building's use as a convent ended in 1983 and since then it has been used as rental accommodation.

[Otago Girls High School]

[Otago Boys High School]

[Ferntree House]

Otago Girls High School

Otago Boys High School

Ferntree House

Tennyson Street

Arthur Street

Wairoa Street, Wakari

This is the first purpose-built building for the first state secondary school for girls in New Zealand and possibly the southern hemisphere. From 1871 until 1910 the girls shared, then occupied the old Boys High School building on the same site. Edmund Anscombe designed this fine brick edifice in 1909.

Silhouetted against the green belt above the city is another tribute to architect R. A. Lawson. This Gothic Revival school is built of Leith Valley, Port Chalmers and Oamaru stone. It opened for the school year of 1885.

The oldest house still occupied in Dunedin and believed to be the oldest surviving house built of ponga trunks in New Zealand, Ferntree House was built about 1849. Since 1902 it has been adjoined by a pseudoTudor "extension", which is larger than the original house. Best viewing is through the trees bordering Taieri Road, just below Wakari Hospital.

[Columba College]

[Olveston]

[521 George Street]

Columba College

Olveston

521 George Street

Highgate, Roslyn

42 Royal Terrace

 

The earliest bluestone portion of the college was originally the home of the first Anglican Bishop of Dunedin and was known as Bishopscourt. It was designed in 1871 by New Zealand's first architect, William Mason. Following its acquisition as a Presbyterian school for girls in 1914, the building was extended to the design of David Hunter.

This Jacobean-style mansion was designed by British architect Sir Ernest George for David Theomin, a Dunedin importer, and built 1904-06. Its exterior walls are brick and plaster, with a Moeraki gravel finish, and faced with Oamaru stone. The house and its contents were bequeathed to the city by Miss Dorothy Theomin in 1966. Olveston is open to the public.

Liberally splashed with cast-iron lacework, this private brick and plaster home was designed by Joseph L. Shaw in 1881 for Robert Wilson, co-founder (with P. C. Neill of Chingford) of Wilson Neill Ltd.

[University Clocktower]

[Chingford Park Stables]

[Larnach Castle]

University Clocktower

Chingford Park Stables

Larnach Castle

Leith Street

411 North Road, North East Valley

Otago Peninsula

Maxwell Bury designed the first of the University of Otago complex of Gothic-style buildings in 1878, including the clocktower and adjacent geology block. Further additions by later architects copied the original style.

P. C. Neill, co-founder of the firm of Wilson Neill Ltd. and a keen horseman, had these bluestone stables built in the early 1870s. His former property is now a park.

New Zealand's only "castle" was constructed in many stages between 1871 and 1887 for William Larnach, an important political figure and former Minister of Mines. His reign at the castle ended when he took his life in Parliament House in 1898. The great house is now a tourist attraction and is open daily for visitors.

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